Carboxylic Acid Synthesis

    Carboxylic Acid Synthesis

    You may use these summaries and problems but you may NOT download them for use at another site, nor may you charge for access to them. Copyright Linda M. Sweeting 1997

    The following example reactions are organized by type, with references to text chapters. Links within these summaries (which may show up as boxes around reagents) will provide further information about the reagents and their other reactions. Return to Reaction Summary menu for other functional group choices.

    By Oxidation

    + MnO2
    Other reagents: H2CrO4 or K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 or CrO3 + H2SO4 or KMnO4 + H3O+
    McMurry 17.8, 19.3, Fessenden 7.8C, 14.3, Schmid 11.18, 15.5
    To: Other reactions of alcohols
    + Ag
    Other reagents: H2CrO4 or K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 or CrO3 or KMnO4 or
    Tollens' or Benedict's reagents.
    McMurry 17.8, 19.3, 20.6, Fessenden 13.7, 14.3, Schmid 14.18, 15.5
    To: Other reactions of aldehydes
    + MgBrOH
    McMurry 20.6, Fessenden 14.3, Schmid 15.6
    For other reactions of Grignard reagents

    Other reagents: CrO3 + H2SO4 or KMnO4 + KOH or KMnO4 + H2SO4
    McMurry 20.6, Fessenden 10.13B, Schmid 15.5, 14.6
    To other reactions of alkenes

    Other reagents:K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 or KMnO4 + H2SO4 or KMnO4 + OH-
    McMurry 21.4, Fessenden 7.8C, Schmid 15.5

    Hydrolysis

    + HCl
    Mechanism!
    Other reagents: H2O, OH- or H2O
    McMurry 21.5, Fessenden 15.3C, Schmid 16.5
    To: Other reactions of acid chlorides
        2
    Mechanism!
    Other reagents: H2O, OH- or H2O
    McMurry 21.5, Fessenden 15.5C, Schmid 16.9
    Anhydrides react like acid chlorides
    + CH3CH2OH
    Mechanism!
    Other reagents: H2O, OH-, the reaction known as saponification
    McMurry 21.6, Fessenden 15.5C, Schmid 15.11, 15.12
    To: Other reactions of esters
    +
    Other reagents: H2O, OH-; primary, secondary and tertiary amides all undergo this reaction
    McMurry 21.7, Fessenden 15.8C, Schmid 15.11, 15.12
    To: Other reactions of amides
    +
    Other reagents: H2O, OH-
    McMurry 21.7, 21.8, Fessenden 15.11D, Schmid 15.7
    Nitriles react like amides
    To reactions of carboxylic acids
    To the main graphical reactions menu.
    Last update February 1999