Paris, France's capital, is a major European city and a global center for art, fashion, and culture. Its 19th-century cityscape is crisscrossed by wide boulevards and the famous river channel. Beyond such landmarks as the Eiffel Tower and the 12th-century, Gothic Notre-Dame cathedral, the city is known for its cafe culture and designer boutiques. As well as it’s monumental history that dates back to its foundation by the Parisii, throughout the centuries, Paris has witnessed countless riots and revolutions.